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Puberty

Puberty is the process of physical and emotional development that takes place during adolescence. It is a time of great change, as the body grows and matures, and the individual begins to develop their sexual identity.

Puberty is triggered by a surge of hormones, including testosterone and estrogen. These hormones cause the body to grow taller and develop secondary sex characteristics, such as breasts in girls and facial hair in boys. Puberty also causes changes in the brain, leading to increased emotional and sexual awareness.

In the UK, puberty usually starts between the ages of 8 and 14 in girls and between the ages of 9 and 15 in boys. However, there is a wide range of normal variation, and some children may start puberty earlier or later than this.

Physical changes

The most obvious physical changes that occur during puberty are the development of secondary sex characteristics.

In girls/people with a vagina, these include:

• Breast development
• Pubic hair growth
• Hip widening
• Menstruation

In boys/people with a penis, these include:

• Testicular growth
• Penis growth
• Pubic hair growth
• Voice deepening
• Facial hair growth

Emotional changes

Puberty is also a time of great emotional change. Adolescents may experience a wide range of emotions, including:

• Mood swings
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Anger
• Confusion
• Increased interest in sex

It is important to remember that these changes are normal and that each child will experience them differently.

Talking to your child

Talking to your child about puberty can be a great way to share honest information and support. You can answer their questions about the physical and emotional changes they are experiencing, and you can help them deal with any challenges that come up.

If you are not comfortable talking to your child, there are other adults who can help you, such as a teacher, or youth worker.

Resources

There are many resources available to help you learn more about puberty. Here are a few:

• Childline is a free, confidential helpline for children and young people. They can provide information and support on a range of issues, including puberty.
• Brook is a charity that provides information and support on sexual health and relationships. They have a website and a helpline.

Puberty is a normal part of growing up. Everyone experiences it differently, and there is no right or wrong way to go through it. If you are struggling to support your child, there are people who can help.

Here are some additional tips for parents of children going through puberty:

• Be open and honest with your child about puberty. Answer their questions honestly and in a way that they can understand.
• Be supportive and understanding. Puberty can be a confusing and challenging time for children. Let them know that you are there for them and that you will help them through it.
• Set a good example. Talk to your child about your own experiences with puberty. This can help them to feel more comfortable with the changes that are happening to their own bodies.
• Encourage your child to talk to a trusted adult if they have any questions or concerns. This could be a parent, teacher, counselor, or youth worker.
• Ensure your child has access to products they may need such as deodorant, sanitary products, shaving equipment etc. If you are struggling to meet the additional cost of products speak with your child’s school and use the many social supermarkets on Wirral. Many places offer free sanitary products to support young people.

Puberty is a natural and normal part of growing up. With your support, your child can navigate this important stage of their development with confidence and understanding.